Neurobiology of Depression


Depressive disorder is a long term; recurrence is associated with high levels of disability and mortality. It has a neurobiological basis and is associated with functional and structural brain abnormalities. Genetic vulnerability and stress are the main factors that cause and development of a disease. Dysregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reduces hippocampal volumes and anterior cortex (PFC) activity in depressed patients and disrupts physiological state inside the neurocircuit of depression. Antidepressants increase brain-derived neurotrophin, restoring vegetative cell growth and activity and modulate interactions between the neurocircuit anatomical structures.


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